Patient advocates have taken on many different roles over the decades, in both research and policy arenas. Activities range from peer support to lobbying for optimal quality cancer care and increased cancer research funding. Internationally, the advocacy movement is highly visible, with national consumer advocacy organizations in the United States, Australia, and Europe having a seat at important tables where decisions are made about research funding and policy. Advocacy training programs have been developed to support those wishing to undertake advocacy activities, and these programs have led to changes in advocacy activity. The impact on outcomes has been less studied.